Joseph P. Simmons, Leif D. Nelson, Uri Simonsohn: False-Positive Psychology: Undisclosed Flexibility in Data Collection and Analysis Allows Presenting Anything as Significant, Psychological Science, 2011.

1. Are the described issues (researcher degrees of freedom etc.) relevant also for NLP research (papers)? Can you name some similarities and differences (concerning the described issues) between NLP and psychological research, ideally with concrete examples?
2. What does it mean when “p ≤ 0.05”? I.e., what is the definition of p-value?
3. What does “Correcting alpha levels” mean?