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--- it-tricks [2017/10/16 17:58]
popel moved to [[:grid]]
+++ it-tricks [2019/06/07 09:55]
vodrazka [TAR archive mounting]
@@ Line 7: / Line 7: @@
   * **vim**: Ondřej Bojar, Ruda Rosa, Milan Straka (C++ completion, Python completion, asynchronous make), ...
+    * to start learning vim, run the ''vimtutor'' command
   * **emacs**: ?
+  * **nano**:
   * **atom**: Martin Popel
+  * **Kate**: Jonáš Vidra
+  * **Kile** (offline TeX editing): Anša Vernerová
+  * **PyCharm**: Petr Bělohlávek
 ===== Bash =====
   * Use Bash auto-completion (''source /etc/bash_completion''). Some tools have plugins, e.g. many [[https://metacpan.org/pod/Bash::Completion|Perl tools]].
   * ''export HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth'' results in bash history ignoring duplicate entries and entries starting with a space.
-  * See ''/ha/home/bojar/diplomka/granty/cracker-2015/mtm-2016-organization/accounts-mtm16/bash-profile-for-ufal-accounts'' for:
-    * bash history local in the current directory
+==== Directory-local Bash history ====
+  * Ondřej Bojar prefers to store the history in each directory in ''.history-bojar''. See ''/home/bojar/diplomka/granty/cracker-2015/mtm-2016-organization/accounts-mtm16/bash-profile-for-ufal-accounts''
+    * Note that this creates the ".history-your-name" wherever you have write access and some ÚFALers are not happy with this. In addition everyone sees what you did (this may be useful, but be careful).
+  * Ondřej Dušek (''/home/odusek/.bashrc'') uses a variant more friendly to others, which saves the histories in his home (but does not handle renamed directories):<code>
+if [ -z "$USER" ]; then
+    export USER=`whoami`
+fi
+# Store all history with times and directories
+function store_history () {
+    history 1 | awk '($2 !~ "^[mr]?cd[0-9a-z]?$") {$1="_T="strftime("%Y%m%d_%H:%M:%S_") PROCINFO["ppid"] "_PWD="  ENVIRON["PWD"] "\t"; $2=gensub("^_T=[-_0-9:]*[ \t]* *", "", 1, $2); $2=gensub("^_P=[^ \t]* *", "", 1, $2); print;}' >> ~/.history-all-$USER
+}
+export PROMPT_COMMAND="store_history"
+# Grep history
+function dhist (){
+    DIR=`pwd`
+    command grep "_PWD=$DIR"$'\t'".*$@" ~/.history-all-$USER | tail -n 30
+}
+function hist (){
+    if [ "$#" -eq 0 ]; then
+        tail -n 30 ~/.history-all-$USER
+    else
+        command grep "$@" ~/.history-all-$USER | tail -n 30
+    fi
+}
+</code>
+==== Colorful manpages ====
+Add this to your .bashrc (tested on .zshrc). Colors can be easily customized.
+<code>
+man () {
+        env LESS_TERMCAP_mb=$'\E[01;31m' \
+        LESS_TERMCAP_md=$'\E[01;38;5;74m' \
+        LESS_TERMCAP_me=$'\E[0m' \
+        LESS_TERMCAP_se=$'\E[0m' \
+        LESS_TERMCAP_so=$'\E[38;5;246m' \
+        LESS_TERMCAP_ue=$'\E[0m' \
+        LESS_TERMCAP_us=$'\E[04;38;5;146m' \
+        man "$@"
+}
+</code>
 ===== Git =====
   * [[https://github.com/magicmonty/bash-git-prompt|bash-git-prompt]] shows e.g. the current branch and status. Martin Popel prefers to configure it (in bashrc) with
@@ Line 25: / Line 75: @@
   * read https://guides.github.com/, understand [[https://guides.github.com/introduction/flow/|GitHub flow]], check [[https://services.github.com/on-demand/resources/learning-path/|GitHub training]]
   * learn [[https://help.github.com/articles/using-keyboard-shortcuts/|GitHub keyboard shortcuts]], esp. "y" for permalink to a given line (line range) in source codes
+===== Plots, vector graphic =====
+  * [[http://www.gnuplot.info/|gnuplot]]
+  * [[https://seaborn.pydata.org/|seaborn]] based on matplotlib (Python)
+  * [[https://inkscape.org/en/|inkscape]] manually draw vector graphic (or poster)
+  * [[https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/PGF/TikZ|TikZ]] great for LaTeX/Beamer, offers many "plugins"
+    * [[http://pgfplots.sourceforge.net/|pgfplots]]
+    * [[http://mirrors.ctan.org/graphics/pgf/contrib/tikz-dependency/tikz-dependency-doc.pdf|tikz-dependency]] dependency trees (in one line)
+    * [[http://mirrors.ctan.org/graphics/pgf/contrib/tikz-qtree/tikz-qtree-manual.pdf|tikz-qtree]] classical trees (constituency, but with some hacks even dependency)
+===== LaTeX, pdf =====
+  * see also [[tex::triky]]
+  * [[http://mg.readthedocs.io/latexmk.html|latexmk]] can be used with ''-pdf -pvc'', so whenever you save a ''tex'' file, the corresponding ''pdf'' will be regenerated (and your pdf viewer will refresh). Other useful options are ''-interaction=nonstopmode -synctex=1'', see e.g. [[https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/118489/what-exactly-is-synctex|synctex]]
+  * [[https://www.pdflabs.com/docs/pdftk-cli-examples/|pdftk]] for merging and splitting pdf files (and much more) from the command line
+  * use [[https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/23104/using-and-interpreting-pdffonts|pdffonts]] to check if all fonts in your pdf are //embedded// (only the used subset).
+  * <code>gs -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -q -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -sOutputFile=CompressedWithEmbeddedFonts.pdf Original.pdf</code>
+  * http://ufal.mff.cuni.cz/~popel/latex.pdf other hints (mostly for newbies) in Czech
+  * [[https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Presentations#The_Beamer_package|Beamer]] is a LaTeX package for creating presentations.
+    * You can use it with [[https://pdfpc.github.io/|pdfpc]] to show slides on the overhead projector while reading your notes on your laptop's screen. Create the dual-screen PDF with ''\usepackage{pgfpages} \setbeameroption{show notes} \setbeameroption{show notes on second screen=left}'' and add notes using ''\note{Hello!}''. Then display your presentation with ''pdfpc --notes=left presentation.pdf''.
+===== TAR archive mounting =====
+If you work with data consisting of many small files, you **should** store them in tar archives to save inodes. There is a way to mount a tar archive to a specific directory in the simmilar way you mount ISO image. You can use the following wrapper script to //mount// (read-only) ARCHIVE to DIRECTORY:
+  /opt/bin/tarmount -a ARCHIVE DIRECTORY
+and //umount// when you finish your work:
+  /opt/bin/tarmount DIRECTORY
+You can also use the original tool called [[https://github.com/mxmlnkn/ratarmount | ratarmount]] directly through the link:
+  /opt/bin/tarmounter
 ===== Other =====
@@ Line 31: / Line 114: @@
   * See [[internal:remote access]], esp. for byobu and mosh.
   * You **should not turn off** Linux workstations at ÚFAL, unless really needed (or agreed with it@ufal). In that case, try the standard ways, and if they do not work, try Ctrl+Alt+SysRq+[R,E,I,S,U,B] rather than plug out power cable. Mnemonics: "Reboot Even If System Utterly Broken", see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_SysRq_key#Uses
+    * SysRq has also other interesting uses: For example, if you manage to launch a program that exhausts all RAM, the system starts swapping and becomes unresponsive, you can recover by invoking the OOM-killer by pressing Ctrl+Alt+SysRq+F.
   * Ondřej Bojar has implemented many [[http://www1.cuni.cz/~obo/textutils/|Text utils]], which he likes to use in his scripts and advises his students to do so as well.
     * The web versions of the text utils are often older than the ones in ''/home/bojar/tools/vimtext'' and ''/home/bojar/tools/shell''
+  * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuf|shuf]] shuffle lines randomly (or in a given order with ''--random-source'')

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