Differences
This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.
Both sides previous revision Previous revision Next revision | Previous revision Next revision Both sides next revision | ||
user:zeman:interset:features [2008/04/05 17:07] zeman Typo. |
user:zeman:interset:features [2015/01/23 17:06] zeman Gerundive. |
||
---|---|---|---|
Line 3: | Line 3: | ||
===== pos ===== | ===== pos ===== | ||
- | Part of speech. | + | Part of speech. Pronouns, determiners, |
| **Value** | **Description** | | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
| noun | noun | | | noun | noun | | ||
| adj | adjective | | | adj | adjective | | ||
- | | det | determiner | | + | | num | numeral |
- | | pron | pronoun | | + | |
- | | num | numeral, number | | + | |
| verb | verb | | | verb | verb | | ||
| adv | adverb | | | adv | adverb | | ||
- | | prep | preposition, | + | | adp | adposition (preposition, |
| conj | conjunction | | | conj | conjunction | | ||
| part | particle | | | part | particle | | ||
| int | interjection | | | int | interjection | | ||
- | | punc | punctuation | + | | punc | punctuation |
+ | | sym | symbol | | ||
- | ===== subpos ===== | + | The difference between punctuation and symbols is that punctuation delimits parts of the sentence while symbols can be substituted for a word. For example, //$// is not a punctuation, |
- | Detailed part of speech. | + | ===== nountype ===== |
- | | **Value** | **Main pos** | **Description** | | + | | **Value** | **Description** | |
- | | prop | noun | proper noun (" | + | | com | common |
- | | class | noun | classifier (measure word) between number and counted noun, e.g. Chinese "個 gè" | + | | prop | proper noun (" |
- | | pdt | adj | predeterminer (adjectival word that can stand before an article, such as " | + | | class | classifier (measure word) between number and counted noun, e.g. Chinese "個 gè" | |
- | | det | adj | determiner: article (English " | + | |
- | | pers | pron | personal pronoun | | + | |
- | | clit | pron | clitic personal pronoun (Czech " | + | |
- | | recip | pron | reciprocal pronoun (Danish " | + | |
- | | digit | num | number written using digits | | + | |
- | | roman | num | number written using Roman numerals (" | + | |
- | | card | num | cardinal number | | + | |
- | | ord | num | ordinal number | | + | |
- | | mult | num | multiplier number ("five times" | + | |
- | | frac | num | fraction ("one fifth" | + | |
- | | aux | verb, part | auxiliary verb used to construct complex verb forms (Czech " | + | |
- | | mod | verb | modal verb (German " | + | |
- | | verbconj | verb | finite verb with the enclitic " | + | |
- | | man | adv | adverb of manner | | + | |
- | | loc | adv | adverb of location | | + | |
- | | tim | adv | adverb of time | | + | |
- | | deg | adv | adverb of quantity or degree | | + | |
- | | cau | adv | adverb of cause (" | + | |
- | | mod | adv, part | modal particle (Bulgarian " | + | |
- | | ex | adv | existential " | + | |
- | | voc | prep | vocalized preposition (Czech " | + | |
- | | post | prep | postposition (German " | + | |
- | | circ | prep | circumposition (German "von ... an" in "von dieser Stelle an") | | + | |
- | | preppron | prep | preposition and pronoun in one word (Czech " | + | |
- | | comprep | prep | first part of compound preposition (Czech " | + | |
- | | coor | conj | coordinating conjunction | | + | |
- | | sub | conj | subordinating conjunction | | + | |
- | | comp | conj | comparing conjunction (German " | + | |
- | | emp | part | particle of emphasis (Bulgarian " | + | |
- | | res | part | particle of response (" | + | |
- | | inf | part | infinitive marker (English " | + | |
- | | vbp | part | separated verb prefix (German " | + | |
- | ===== prontype | + | ===== nametype |
- | This is a new (September 2007) feature applied first to the Bulgarian CoNLL tag set. It takes over the pronoun | + | Semantic |
- | Although it reads as "pronoun type" (and we use the word "pronoun" | + | | **Value** | **Description** | |
+ | | geo | geographical name ("Praha", | ||
+ | | prs | personal name (no first/last distinction available) | | ||
+ | | giv | given (first) name (" | ||
+ | | sur | surname (last name) (" | ||
+ | | nat | nationality (" | ||
+ | | com | company (" | ||
+ | | pro | product ("Tatra" | ||
+ | | oth | other named entity, e.g.: mines, stadiums, guerilla bases etc. Also used for functional | ||
+ | | col | color indication | | ||
+ | | sci | term from natural sciences | | ||
+ | | che | chemical term | | ||
+ | | med | medical term | | ||
+ | | tec | general technical term | | ||
+ | | cel | term from computers and electronics | | ||
+ | | gov | term from politics, government, military | | ||
+ | | jus | term from justice | | ||
+ | | fin | financial or economic term | | ||
+ | | env | term from ecology, environment | | ||
+ | | cul | term from culture, education, arts, humanities | | ||
+ | | spo | term from sports | | ||
+ | | hob | term from hobby, leisure, traveling | | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== adjtype ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | A deprecated feature. The only value that has not yet been moved elsewhere is '' | ||
| **Value** | **Description** | | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
- | | | Empty value means that this is not a pronoun but a real noun, adjective, adverb etc. This will be more useful once we completely remove | + | | pdt | predeterminer (it is a special form of determiner; it is an adjectival word that can stand before an article, such as " |
- | | prs | Personal or possessive pronoun. Possessives are recognizable by the value of their poss feature. | | + | |
+ | ===== prontype ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Although it reads as " | ||
+ | |||
+ | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
+ | | | Empty value means that this is not a pronoun but a real noun, adjective, adverb etc. | | ||
+ | | prn | The word is pronominal (or determiner) but we do not know the exact type. | | ||
+ | | prs | Personal or possessive pronoun. Possessives are recognizable by the value of their poss feature. Reflexive pronouns are distinguished from normal personal/ | ||
| rcp | Reciprocal pronoun (German " | | rcp | Reciprocal pronoun (German " | ||
- | | int | Interrogative pronoun (" | + | | art | Article, i.e. determiner bearing only the feature of definiteness or indefinitess and nothing more (English " |
- | | rel | Relative pronoun. Many interrogative pronouns in many languages can also be used as relative pronouns. However, in some languages there are pronouns that fall in one of the categories but not both (Czech " | + | | int | Interrogative pronoun |
- | | dem | Demonstrative pronoun (" | + | | rel | Relative pronoun |
- | | neg | Negative pronoun (" | + | | exc | Exclamative pronoun / determiner, expresses the speaker' |
- | | ind | Indefinite pronoun (" | + | | dem | Demonstrative pronoun |
- | | tot | Totality | + | | neg | Negative pronoun |
+ | | ind | Indefinite pronoun | ||
+ | | tot | Total (universal) | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== numtype ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Subclasses of numerals. See also '' | ||
+ | |||
+ | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
+ | | card | cardinal number | | ||
+ | | ord | ordinal number | | ||
+ | | mult | multiplier number ("five times" | ||
+ | | frac | fraction ("one fifth" | ||
+ | | gen | generic numeral (" | ||
+ | | sets | number of sets of things, or of pluralia tantum (Czech " | ||
+ | | dist | distributive numeral (Hungarian " | ||
+ | | range | range of values, subtype of card (" | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== numform ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Is a number expressed by a word or by digits? Depending on tokenization and tagging scheme, this feature may be orthogonal to the distinction between cardinals and ordinals. | ||
+ | |||
+ | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
+ | | word | numeral word (" | ||
+ | | digit | number written using digits (" | ||
+ | | roman | number written using Roman numerals (" | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== numvalue ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Low-value numerals display special behavior in some languages (e.g. Czech). This feature helps distinguish them. See also [[# | ||
+ | |||
+ | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
+ | | 1 | numeric value 1 (Czech " | ||
+ | | 2 | numeric value 2 (Czech " | ||
+ | | 3 | numeric value 3 or 4 (Czech " | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== accommodability ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Note that this feature has not been approved so far, as it only occurs rarely in the old version of the Polish corpus, and it is not clear what exactly it encodes. | ||
+ | |||
+ | In Polish, special behavior of numerals (cf. [[# | ||
+ | |||
+ | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
+ | | congr | uzgadniająca (Polish " | ||
+ | | rec | rządząca (Polish " | ||
+ | |||
+ | Příklady rec: trzech wileńskich i dwóch warszawskich; | ||
+ | |||
+ | Příklady congr: obaj byli indywidualnościami; | ||
+ | |||
+ | Řada výskytů číslovek nemá (ani v té verzi 1) vyznačenu ani jednu hodnotu, např.: o kilku artykułach, | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== verbtype ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
+ | | aux | auxiliary verb used to construct complex verb forms (Czech " | ||
+ | | cop | copula verb (Czech " | ||
+ | | mod | modal verb (German " | ||
+ | | light | light (support) verb in verbo-nominal constructions (Japanese " | ||
+ | | verbconj | finite verb with the enclitic " | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== advtype ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Subclasses of adverbs. See also '' | ||
+ | |||
+ | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
+ | | man | adverb of manner (" | ||
+ | | loc | adverb of location (" | ||
+ | | tim | adverb of time (" | ||
+ | | deg | adverb of quantity or degree ("how much") | | ||
+ | | cau | adverb of cause (" | ||
+ | | mod | adverb of modal nature (Bulgarian " | ||
+ | | sta | adverb of state (Czech " | ||
+ | | adadj | ad-adjective: | ||
+ | | ex | existential " | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== adpostype ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
+ | | prep | preposition (" | ||
+ | | post | postposition (German " | ||
+ | | circ | circumposition (German "von ... an" in "von dieser Stelle an") | | ||
+ | | voc | vocalized preposition (Czech " | ||
+ | | preppron | preposition and pronoun in one word (Czech " | ||
+ | | comprep | first part of compound preposition (Czech " | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== conjtype ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
+ | | coor | coordinating conjunction | | ||
+ | | sub | subordinating conjunction | | ||
+ | | comp | comparing conjunction (German " | ||
+ | | oper | mathematical operator (Czech " | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== parttype ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
+ | | mod | modal particle (Bulgarian " | ||
+ | | emp | particle of emphasis (Bulgarian " | ||
+ | | res | particle of response (" | ||
+ | | inf | infinitive marker (English " | ||
+ | | vbp | separated verb prefix (German " | ||
===== punctype ===== | ===== punctype ===== | ||
Line 91: | Line 192: | ||
| semi | semicolon | | | semi | semicolon | | ||
| dash | dash | | | dash | dash | | ||
- | | symb | symbol | | ||
| root | artificial sentence root node, beginning of sentence | | | root | artificial sentence root node, beginning of sentence | | ||
Line 103: | Line 203: | ||
===== synpos ===== | ===== synpos ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | **WARNING!** This feature is deprecated. Most likely it will not be used in Interset version 2 drivers. | ||
Does the pronoun or numeral behave syntactically as a noun, adjective, or adverb? | Does the pronoun or numeral behave syntactically as a noun, adjective, or adverb? | ||
Line 111: | Line 213: | ||
| adv | adverbial (like an adverb) | | | adv | adverbial (like an adverb) | | ||
| pred | predicative adjective | | | pred | predicative adjective | | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== morphpos ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | A word's morphological paradigm may behave like a different part of speech than the word is assigned to. For example, Slovak noun // | ||
+ | |||
+ | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
+ | | noun | nominal paradigm | | ||
+ | | adj | adjectival paradigm | | ||
+ | | pron | pronominal paradigm | | ||
+ | | num | numeral paradigm | | ||
+ | | adv | adverbial paradigm | | ||
+ | | mix | mixed paradigm | | ||
+ | | def | deficient paradigm (some declension forms are missing) | | ||
===== poss ===== | ===== poss ===== | ||
Line 127: | Line 242: | ||
===== negativeness ===== | ===== negativeness ===== | ||
- | |||
- | Distinguishes also negative pronouns like " | ||
| **Value** | **Description** | | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
Line 137: | Line 250: | ||
See also the '' | See also the '' | ||
+ | In Arabic, definiteness is also called the //state.// | ||
+ | http:// | ||
+ | http:// | ||
+ | http:// | ||
| **Value** | **Description** | | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
| ind | indefinite | | | ind | indefinite | | ||
| def | definite | | | def | definite | | ||
- | | red | reduced: used in [[http:// | + | | red | reduced: used in [[http:// |
+ | | com | complex: used in [[http:// | ||
===== foreign ===== | ===== foreign ===== | ||
Line 147: | Line 265: | ||
| **Value** | **Description** | | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
| foreign | foreign word (not a loan word but a citation in a foreign language — e.g., the title of a foreign book) | | | foreign | foreign word (not a loan word but a citation in a foreign language — e.g., the title of a foreign book) | | ||
+ | | fscript | foreign word written in a foreign script, e.g. " | ||
+ | | tscript | foreign word transcribed from a foreign script, e.g. " | ||
- | ===== gender, possgender ===== | + | ===== gender |
+ | |||
+ | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
+ | | masc | masculine | | ||
+ | | fem | feminine | | ||
+ | | com | common, utrum | | ||
+ | | neut | neuter | | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== possgender ===== | ||
Possgender is possessor' | Possgender is possessor' | ||
Line 162: | Line 290: | ||
| **Value** | **Description** | | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
| anim | animate | | | anim | animate | | ||
+ | | nhum | animate but not human | | ||
| inan | inanimate | | | inan | inanimate | | ||
- | ===== number, possnumber ===== | + | The distinction of human vs. nonhuman occurs in Polish grammar, e.g. the word " |
+ | |||
+ | | gender | sg-nom | sg-gen | sg-dat | sg-acc | sg-ins | sg-loc | pl-nom | pl-gen | pl-dat | pl-acc | pl-ins | pl-loc | | ||
+ | | animate human | który | którego | któremu | którego | którym | którym | **którzy** | których | którym | **których** | którymi | których | | ||
+ | | animate non-human | który | którego | któremu | którego | którym | którym | które | których | którym | które | którymi | których | | ||
+ | | inanimate | który | którego | któremu | **który** | którym | którym | które | których | którym | które | którymi | których | | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== number | ||
+ | |||
+ | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
+ | | sing | singular | | ||
+ | | dual | dual | | ||
+ | | plur | plural | | ||
+ | | ptan | plurale tantum | | ||
+ | | coll | collective / mass / singulare tantum | | ||
+ | |||
+ | //Pluralia tantum// is a special case of plural, occurring e.g. in Czech. It applies to words that do not have singular forms. They use grammatical plural regardless of semantic number. Czech example: //nůžky// " | ||
+ | |||
+ | // | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== possnumber ===== | ||
Possnumber is possessor' | Possnumber is possessor' | ||
Line 171: | Line 320: | ||
| sing | singular | | | sing | singular | | ||
| dual | dual | | | dual | dual | | ||
- | | plu | plural | | + | | plur | plural | |
- | ===== case ===== | + | It applies e.g. to possessive pronouns and it can be different from their grammatical number, which is governed by agreement with the modified (possessed) noun phrase. Czech example: //můj pes// "my dog" (grammatical singular, possessor singular), //mí psi// "my dogs" (grammatical plural, possessor singular), //náš pes// "our dog" (grammatical singular, possessor plural), //naši psi// "our dogs" (grammatical plural, possessor plural). |
+ | |||
+ | ===== possednumber | ||
+ | |||
+ | Possednumber is the possessee' | ||
| **Value** | **Description** | | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
- | | nom | nominative | | + | | sing | singular | |
- | | gen | genitive | | + | | dual | dual | |
- | | dat | dative | | + | | plur | plural | |
- | | acc | accusative or oblique | | + | |
- | | voc | vocative | | + | In Hungarian, possession can be marked on the possessor or on the possessed. It is possible, though rare, that a noun has three distinct number features: its own grammatical number, number of its possessor and number of its possession. Examples from the Multext-East Hungarian lexicon: |
- | | loc | locative | | + | |
- | | ins | instrumental | | + | * könnyedén (SSS) |
+ | * könny = a tear (singular) | ||
+ | * könnyed = your tear (singular owner) | ||
+ | * könnyedé = (possession) of your tear (singular possession) | ||
+ | * könnyedén = (on the possession) of your tear (superessive case) | ||
+ | * ellenfeleié (PSS) | ||
+ | * ellenfél = an opponent (singular) | ||
+ | * ellenfele = his/her/its opponent (singular owner) | ||
+ | * ellenfelei = his/her/its opponents (core plural, singular owner) | ||
+ | * ellenfeleié = (possession) of his/her/its opponents (singular possession) | ||
+ | * életeké (SPS) | ||
+ | * él = point (singular) | ||
+ | * élek = points (plural) | ||
+ | * élén = his/her/its point (singular owner) | ||
+ | * élünk = our point (plural owner) | ||
+ | * életeké = (possession) of our point (singular possession) | ||
+ | * tárgyalópartnereinkét (PPS) | ||
+ | * tárgyalópartner = negotiator (singular) | ||
+ | * tárgyalópartnerei = his/her/its negotiators (plural, singular owner) | ||
+ | * tárgyalópartnereinkét = (possession) of our negotiators (plural, plural owner, singular possession, accusative case) | ||
+ | |||
+ | Words marked for plural possessions are very rare, though. Note that in the following example from Multext-East, | ||
+ | * Kolumbuszéinál | ||
+ | * Kolumbusz = Columbus (singular) | ||
+ | * Kolumbuszéi = (possessions) of Columbus (plural possession) | ||
+ | * Kolumbuszéinál = (at the possessions) of Columbus (adessive case) | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== case ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | | **Value** | **Description** | **Examples** | | ||
+ | | nom | nominative | ||
+ | | gen | genitive | ||
+ | | dat | dative | ||
+ | | acc | accusative or oblique | ||
+ | | voc | vocative | ||
+ | | loc | locative | ||
+ | | ins | instrumental | cs: domem, budovou = with/ | ||
+ | | ist | instructive | Used rarely in Finnish to express "with (the aid of)", i.e. semantically similar to instrumental (which is not defined in Finnish grammar). Shall we merge instructive with instrumental? | ||
+ | | abl | ablative | hu: a barátomtól jövök = jdu od kamaráda fi: pöydältä = se stolu; katolta = se střechy; rannalta = z pláže | | ||
+ | | par | partitive | Ve finštině vyjadřuje neznámou identitu a neukončené akce bez výsledku. Příklady užití: kolme taloa = tři domy (koncovka -a u talo); rakastan tätä taloa = mám rád tento dům; saanko lainata kirjaa? = můžu si půjčit tu knihu? (koncovka -a u kirja); lasissa on maitoa = ve sklenici je (nějaké) mléko; akuzativ: ammuin karhun = zastřelil jsem medvěda (a vím, že je mrtvý); partitiv: ammuin karhua = střelil jsem po medvědovi (a nevím ani, jestli jsem ho trefil); Akuzativ (v opozici k partitivu) taky může suplovat chybějící budoucí čas: akuzativ: luen kirjan = přečtu si tu knihu; partitiv: luen kirjaa = čtu knihu | | ||
+ | | dis | distributive | Vyjadřuje, že se něco stalo každému prvku množiny, jednomu po druhém. Nebo vyjadřuje frekvenci v čase. hu: fejenként = na hlavu, esetenként = v některém případě, hetenként = jednou týdně, tízpercenként = každých deset minut | | ||
+ | | ess | essive / prolative | Určuje dočasný stav, často odpovídá anglickému "as a ...". fi: lapsi = dítě, lapsena = jako dítě, když byl dítě ee: laps = dítě, lapse = dítěte (genitiv), lapsena = jako dítě. Similar case called prolative in Basque grammar: eu: erreformistatzat = as a reformer (erreformista = reformer) | | ||
+ | | tra | translative / factive | Určuje změnu stavu (" | ||
+ | | com | comitative / associative | Vyjadřuje " | ||
+ | | abe | abessive | Vyjadřuje " | ||
+ | | ine | inessive | hu: házban = v domě (ház = dům) fi: talossa = v domě (talo = dům) ee: majas = v domě (maja = dům) | | ||
+ | | ela | elative | hu: házból = z domu fi: talosta = z domu ee: majast = z domu | | ||
+ | | ill | illative | hu: házba = do domu fi: taloon = do domu ee: majasse / majja = do domu | | ||
+ | | add | additive | Distinguished by some scholars in Estonian, not recognized by traditional grammar, exists in the Multext-East Estonian tagset and in the Eesti keele puudepank. Reportedly same or similar meaning as illative. Forms of this case exist only in singular and not for all nouns. | | ||
+ | | ade | adessive | hu: asztalon = na stole (asztal = stůl) fi: pöydällä = na stole ee: laual = na stole (laud = stůl) | | ||
+ | | all | allative | fi: pöydälle = na stůl (pöytä = stůl) | | ||
+ | | sub | sublative | Used in Finno-Ugric languages to express the destination of movement, originally to the surface of something (e.g. climb a tree), and, by extension, in other figurative meanings as well (eg to university). hu: Belgrádtól 150 kilométerre délnyugatra = Belgrade/ | ||
+ | | sup | superessive | Used, chiefly [[http:// | ||
+ | | del | delative | Used, chiefly [[http:// | ||
+ | | lat | lative | Denotes movement towards/ | ||
+ | | tem | temporal | Určuje čas. hu: hétkor = v sedm, éjfélkor = o půlnoci, karácsonykor = o Vánocích | | ||
+ | | ter | terminative | Specifies where something ends in space or time. Similar case in Basque is called terminal allative (Spanish //adlativo terminal// | ||
+ | | abs | absolutive | Subject of intransitive verb, direct object of transitive verb. | | ||
+ | | erg | ergative | Subject of transitive verb. | | ||
+ | | cau | causative / motivative | Noun in this case is the cause of something. hu: Hálás leszekérte. eu: jokaeragatik = because of behavior (jokaera = behavior) | | ||
+ | | ben | benefactive / destinative | Corresponds to the preposition " | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Fine grained locative cases (Uralic languages) | ||
+ | |||
+ | | | **Where** | **Where to** | **Where from** | | ||
+ | | **Inside of** | inessive | illative | elative | | ||
+ | | **Surface of** | adessive | allative | ablative | | ||
+ | | **Surface of** | superessive | sublative | delative | | ||
+ | |||
+ | http:// | ||
+ | http:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | Ten příklad s knihou u partitivu máš blbě, ne? " | ||
+ | |||
+ | Copak já vím? Finsky neumím. Je to převzaté z anglické Wikipedie. | ||
===== prepcase ===== | ===== prepcase ===== | ||
Line 210: | Line 437: | ||
| 2 | second (you) | | | 2 | second (you) | | ||
| 3 | third (he, she, it, they) | | | 3 | third (he, she, it, they) | | ||
+ | |||
+ | Note that this feature is used also for possessive pronouns, where it means the person of the possessor. E.g. " | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== possperson ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Possperson is possessor' | ||
+ | |||
+ | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
+ | | 1 | first (my, our) | | ||
+ | | 2 | second (your) | | ||
+ | | 3 | third (his, her, its, their) | | ||
===== politeness ===== | ===== politeness ===== | ||
Line 216: | Line 454: | ||
| inf | informal (Czech " | | inf | informal (Czech " | ||
| pol | polite (Czech " | | pol | polite (Czech " | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== (abs|erg|dat)(person|number|politeness|gender) ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | In quite a few languages, finite verb forms agree in person and number with the subject. In Basque, a subset of verbs agree with up to three arguments: one in the absolutive case, one in ergative and one in dative. To distinguish the different values of person, number (and politeness and rarely even gender), there are special features for each of the three arguments. Their names contain the three-letter code of the case of the argument: '' | ||
===== subcat ===== | ===== subcat ===== | ||
- | There are tag sets (e.g. Bulgarian CoNLL) that classify verbs as intransitive or transitive. It turns out that a Bulgarian verb can have set both features type=aux && trans=t. That is why we cannot mix transitivity and auxiliarity in subpos. | + | There are tag sets (e.g. Bulgarian CoNLL) that classify verbs as intransitive or transitive. |
| **Value** | **Description** | | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
Line 233: | Line 475: | ||
| part | participle (present (" | | part | participle (present (" | ||
| trans | transgressive, | | trans | transgressive, | ||
- | | ger | [[http:// | + | | ger | [[http:// |
+ | | gdv | [[http:// | ||
===== mood ===== | ===== mood ===== | ||
Line 242: | Line 484: | ||
| imp | imperative | | | imp | imperative | | ||
| cnd | conditional | | | cnd | conditional | | ||
+ | | pot | potential (Finnish: the action of the verb is likely but not certain) | | ||
| sub | subjunctive (conjunctive) (spojovací) | | | sub | subjunctive (conjunctive) (spojovací) | | ||
| jus | jussive (přací) | | | jus | jussive (přací) | | ||
+ | | qot | quotative (Estonian: denotes direct speech) | | ||
+ | | opt | optative (Turkish; "May you have a long life! If only I were rich!" | ||
+ | | des | desiderative (Turkish; "He wants to come." | ||
+ | | nec | necessitative (Turkish; "He must come. He should come." | ||
===== tense ===== | ===== tense ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Note: In Interset 1.0, there were two separate features, '' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Note that, unfortunately, | ||
| **Value** | **Description** | | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
Line 251: | Line 502: | ||
| pres | present | | | pres | present | | ||
| fut | future | | | fut | future | | ||
- | |||
- | |||
- | ===== subtense ===== | ||
- | |||
- | Finer classification of tenses, may not be available in all languages. (And in many languages, these tenses are built using auxiliaries, | ||
- | |||
- | Note that, unfortunately, | ||
- | |||
- | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
| aor | aorist | | | aor | aorist | | ||
| imp | imperfect | | | imp | imperfect | | ||
+ | | nar | narrative (Turkish // | ||
| pqp | pluperfect | | | pqp | pluperfect | | ||
===== aspect ===== | ===== aspect ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | See [[http:// | ||
| **Value** | **Description** | | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
| imp | imperfect | | | imp | imperfect | | ||
| perf | perfect | | | perf | perfect | | ||
+ | | pro | prospective | | ||
+ | | prog | progressive | | ||
===== voice ===== | ===== voice ===== | ||
Line 274: | Line 521: | ||
| **Value** | **Description** | | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
| act | active | | | act | active | | ||
+ | | mid | middle (Ancient Greek; neither active nor passive but somewhere inbetween; they have also mediopassive, | ||
| pass | passive | | | pass | passive | | ||
+ | | rcp | reciprocal (Turkish " | ||
+ | | cau | causative (Turkish " | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
===== abbr ===== | ===== abbr ===== | ||
Line 290: | Line 542: | ||
| hyph | hyphenated prefix (" | | hyph | hyphenated prefix (" | ||
+ | ===== echo ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Is this a reduplicative or echo word? Such words occur in Hindi. In Hyderabad Dependency Treebank they get their own part-of-speech tags RDP and ECH, respectively. We do not want to treat them as separate parts of speech because they could be assigned a POS independent of their RDP or ECH status (same as the word that they echo). We may want to merge this feature in future with '' | ||
+ | |||
+ | | **Value** | **Meaning** | **Explanation** | **Examples** | | ||
+ | | rdp | reduplicative | The word is a copy of a previous word. In Hindi, this would add the meaning of distribution ("one rupee each" | ||
+ | | ech | echo | The word rhymes with a previous word but it is not identical to it and typically it does not have any meaning of its own. In Hindi it generalizes the meaning of the previous word and eventually translates as "or something", | ||
+ | |||
+ | For more details see Rupert Snell and Simon Weightman: //Teach Yourself Hindi,// Section 16.4 and 16.5, pages 210 – 211. | ||
===== style ===== | ===== style ===== | ||
| **Value** | **Description** | | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
- | | arch | archaic, obsolete, rare | | + | | arch | archaic, obsolete |
+ | | rare | rare | | ||
| form | formal, literary | | | form | formal, literary | | ||
+ | | poet | poetic | | ||
| norm | normal, neutral | | | norm | normal, neutral | | ||
| coll | colloquial | | | coll | colloquial | | ||
+ | | vrnc | vernacular | | ||
+ | | slng | slang | | ||
+ | | expr | expressive, emotional | | ||
+ | | derg | derogative | | ||
+ | | vulg | vulgar | | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== typo ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Indicates bad spelling, grammatical error etc. Does not say how the correct form looks like. Must be separated from the '' | ||
+ | |||
+ | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
| typo | typo, bad spelling, error | | | typo | typo, bad spelling, error | | ||
Line 326: | Line 600: | ||
Only information that cannot be stored in other features should be stored here. | Only information that cannot be stored in other features should be stored here. | ||
The apparently easiest approach — to store the complete original tag — will not work if the user needs to change feature values between decode() and encode(). | The apparently easiest approach — to store the complete original tag — will not work if the user needs to change feature values between decode() and encode(). | ||
+ | |||
+ | Note that the '' |