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user:zeman:interset:features [2014/10/31 21:47] zeman |
user:zeman:interset:features [2017/01/16 13:21] zeman |
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| | Empty value means that this is not a pronoun but a real noun, adjective, adverb etc. | | | | Empty value means that this is not a pronoun but a real noun, adjective, adverb etc. | | ||
| prn | The word is pronominal (or determiner) but we do not know the exact type. | | | prn | The word is pronominal (or determiner) but we do not know the exact type. | | ||
- | | prs | Personal or possessive pronoun. Possessives are recognizable by the value of their poss feature. | | + | | prs | Personal or possessive pronoun. Possessives are recognizable by the value of their poss feature. Reflexive pronouns are distinguished from normal personal/ |
| rcp | Reciprocal pronoun (German " | | rcp | Reciprocal pronoun (German " | ||
| art | Article, i.e. determiner bearing only the feature of definiteness or indefinitess and nothing more (English " | | art | Article, i.e. determiner bearing only the feature of definiteness or indefinitess and nothing more (English " | ||
| int | Interrogative pronoun / determiner / adverb (" | | int | Interrogative pronoun / determiner / adverb (" | ||
| rel | Relative pronoun / determiner / adverb. Many interrogative pronouns in many languages can also be used as relative pronouns. However, in some languages there are pronouns that fall in one of the categories but not both (Czech " | | rel | Relative pronoun / determiner / adverb. Many interrogative pronouns in many languages can also be used as relative pronouns. However, in some languages there are pronouns that fall in one of the categories but not both (Czech " | ||
+ | | exc | Exclamative pronoun / determiner, expresses the speaker' | ||
| dem | Demonstrative pronoun / determiner / adverb (" | | dem | Demonstrative pronoun / determiner / adverb (" | ||
+ | | emp | Emphatic pronoun / determiner. There are similarities with reflexive and demonstrative pronouns / determiners. Example: " | ||
| neg | Negative pronoun / determiner / adverb (" | | neg | Negative pronoun / determiner / adverb (" | ||
| ind | Indefinite pronoun / determiner / adverb (" | | ind | Indefinite pronoun / determiner / adverb (" | ||
- | | tot | Totality | + | | tot | Total (universal) pronoun / determiner / adverb (" |
===== numtype ===== | ===== numtype ===== | ||
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| cop | copula verb (Czech " | | cop | copula verb (Czech " | ||
| mod | modal verb (German " | | mod | modal verb (German " | ||
+ | | light | light (support) verb in verbo-nominal constructions (Japanese " | ||
| verbconj | finite verb with the enclitic " | | verbconj | finite verb with the enclitic " | ||
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| reflex | reflexive | | | reflex | reflexive | | ||
- | ===== negativeness | + | ===== polarity |
| **Value** | **Description** | | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
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| neut | neuter | | | neut | neuter | | ||
- | ===== animateness | + | ===== animacy |
| **Value** | **Description** | | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
| anim | animate | | | anim | animate | | ||
- | | nhum | animate but not human | | ||
| inan | inanimate | | | inan | inanimate | | ||
+ | | hum | human | | ||
+ | | nhum | not human | | ||
- | The distinction of human vs. nonhuman | + | Some languages distinguish only animate vs. inanimate, where the animate category includes humans, animals, fictious characters and sometimes also personified things. Some languages distinguish |
+ | |||
+ | The Polish | ||
| gender | sg-nom | sg-gen | sg-dat | sg-acc | sg-ins | sg-loc | pl-nom | pl-gen | pl-dat | pl-acc | pl-ins | pl-loc | | | gender | sg-nom | sg-gen | sg-dat | sg-acc | sg-ins | sg-loc | pl-nom | pl-gen | pl-dat | pl-acc | pl-ins | pl-loc | | ||
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| voc | vocative | cs: dome, budovo = hey, you house! | | | voc | vocative | cs: dome, budovo = hey, you house! | | ||
| loc | locative | cs: v& | | loc | locative | cs: v& | ||
- | | ins | instrumental | cs: domem, budovou = with/ | + | | ins | instrumental |
- | | ist | instructive | + | |
| abl | ablative | hu: a barátomtól jövök = jdu od kamaráda fi: pöydältä = se stolu; katolta = se střechy; rannalta = z pláže | | | abl | ablative | hu: a barátomtól jövök = jdu od kamaráda fi: pöydältä = se stolu; katolta = se střechy; rannalta = z pláže | | ||
| par | partitive | Ve finštině vyjadřuje neznámou identitu a neukončené akce bez výsledku. Příklady užití: kolme taloa = tři domy (koncovka -a u talo); rakastan tätä taloa = mám rád tento dům; saanko lainata kirjaa? = můžu si půjčit tu knihu? (koncovka -a u kirja); lasissa on maitoa = ve sklenici je (nějaké) mléko; akuzativ: ammuin karhun = zastřelil jsem medvěda (a vím, že je mrtvý); partitiv: ammuin karhua = střelil jsem po medvědovi (a nevím ani, jestli jsem ho trefil); Akuzativ (v opozici k partitivu) taky může suplovat chybějící budoucí čas: akuzativ: luen kirjan = přečtu si tu knihu; partitiv: luen kirjaa = čtu knihu | | | par | partitive | Ve finštině vyjadřuje neznámou identitu a neukončené akce bez výsledku. Příklady užití: kolme taloa = tři domy (koncovka -a u talo); rakastan tätä taloa = mám rád tento dům; saanko lainata kirjaa? = můžu si půjčit tu knihu? (koncovka -a u kirja); lasissa on maitoa = ve sklenici je (nějaké) mléko; akuzativ: ammuin karhun = zastřelil jsem medvěda (a vím, že je mrtvý); partitiv: ammuin karhua = střelil jsem po medvědovi (a nevím ani, jestli jsem ho trefil); Akuzativ (v opozici k partitivu) taky může suplovat chybějící budoucí čas: akuzativ: luen kirjan = přečtu si tu knihu; partitiv: luen kirjaa = čtu knihu | | ||
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| **Value** | **Description** | | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
| pos | positive, first degree (note that although this degree is traditionally called " | | pos | positive, first degree (note that although this degree is traditionally called " | ||
- | | comp | comparative, | + | | cmp | comparative, |
| sup | superlative, | | sup | superlative, | ||
| abs | absolute superlative | | | abs | absolute superlative | | ||
+ | | dim | diminutive (used for nouns e.g. in Dutch: " | ||
+ | | aug | augmentative (for nouns, opposite of diminutive; both dim and aug are used in the Freeling tagset of Portuguese | | ||
===== person ===== | ===== person ===== | ||
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| 3 | third (his, her, its, their) | | | 3 | third (his, her, its, their) | | ||
- | ===== politeness ===== | + | ===== polite ===== |
+ | |||
+ | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
+ | | infm | informal (Czech " | ||
+ | | form | formal / polite (Czech " | ||
+ | | elev | elevated status of referent/ | ||
+ | | humb | humbled status of speaker, subtype of '' | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== (abs|erg|dat)(person|number|polite|gender) ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | In quite a few languages, finite verb forms agree in person and number with the subject. In Basque, a subset of verbs agree with up to three arguments: one in the absolutive case, one in ergative and one in dative. To distinguish the different values of person, number (and politeness | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== position | ||
+ | |||
+ | Adjectives in some languages (e.g. in Dutch) have different forms depending on how and where they are used. The same may hold for determiners (including possessive pronouns), quantifiers, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Note: This feature has been introduced because of the '' | ||
| **Value** | **Description** | | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
- | | inf | informal (Czech | + | | prenom |
- | | pol | polite (Czech | + | | postnom |
+ | | nom | adjective constituting a noun phrase, inflected as a noun; Dutch "rijken" | ||
+ | | free | adjective used independently, i.e. not as a noun and not modifying a noun; a predicative or adverbial usage; Dutch " | ||
===== subcat ===== | ===== subcat ===== | ||
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| sup | supine (with motion verbs: "go do something"; | | sup | supine (with motion verbs: "go do something"; | ||
| part | participle (present (" | | part | participle (present (" | ||
- | | trans | transgressive, | + | | conv | converb, |
- | | ger | [[http:// | + | | ger | [[http:// |
+ | | gdv | [[http:// | ||
===== mood ===== | ===== mood ===== | ||
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| **Value** | **Description** | | | **Value** | **Description** | | ||
| act | active | | | act | active | | ||
+ | | mid | middle (Ancient Greek; neither active nor passive but somewhere inbetween; they have also mediopassive, | ||
| pass | passive | | | pass | passive | | ||
| rcp | reciprocal (Turkish " | | rcp | reciprocal (Turkish " |