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user:zeman:interset:features [2017/07/11 10:45]
zeman [case] 		user:zeman:interset:features [2017/07/11 11:48]
zeman [person]
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 | **Value** | **Description** | | **Value** | **Description** |
 | ind | indefinite | | ind | indefinite |
 +| spec | specific indefinite ("a certain stick") |
 | def | definite | | def | definite |
 | cons | reduced: used in [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Status_constructus|construct state]] in Arabic. If two nouns are in genitive relation, the first one (the "nomen regens") has "reduced definiteness," the second is the genitive and can be either definite or indefinite. Reduced form has neither the definite morpheme (article), nor the indefinite morpheme (nunation). For instance: indefinite state: حلوَةٌ //ḥulwatun// “a sweet”; definite state: الحلوَةُ //al-ḥulwatu// “the sweet”; حلوَةُ //ḥulwatu// “sweet of”. | | cons | reduced: used in [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Status_constructus|construct state]] in Arabic. If two nouns are in genitive relation, the first one (the "nomen regens") has "reduced definiteness," the second is the genitive and can be either definite or indefinite. Reduced form has neither the definite morpheme (article), nor the indefinite morpheme (nunation). For instance: indefinite state: حلوَةٌ //ḥulwatun// “a sweet”; definite state: الحلوَةُ //al-ḥulwatu// “the sweet”; حلوَةُ //ḥulwatu// “sweet of”. |
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 | sing | singular | | sing | singular |
 | dual | dual | | dual | dual |
 +| tri  | trial |
 +| pauc | paucal |
 +| grpa | greater paucal |
 | plur | plural | | plur | plural |
 +| grpl | greater plural |
 +| inv  | inverse |
 | ptan | plurale tantum | | ptan | plurale tantum |
 | coll | collective / mass / singulare tantum | | coll | collective / mass / singulare tantum |
 +| count | “counting form”, “count plural” or “quantitative plural” in Bulgarian and Macedonian (Sussex and Cubberley 2006, p. 324). It is a special plural form of nouns if they occur after numerals. (The form originates in the Proto-Slavic dual but it should not be marked as dual because 1. the dual vanished from Bulgarian and 2. the form is no longer semantically tied to the number two.) |
  
 //Pluralia tantum// is a special case of plural, occurring e.g. in Czech. It applies to words that do not have singular forms. They use grammatical plural regardless of semantic number. Czech example: //nůžky// "scissors": //Papír rozstříhejte nůžkami.// "Use scissors to cut the paper to pieces." (semantic singular) vs. //Koupil jsem si dvoje nůžky.// "I bought two pairs of scissors." (semantic plural) //Pluralia tantum// is a special case of plural, occurring e.g. in Czech. It applies to words that do not have singular forms. They use grammatical plural regardless of semantic number. Czech example: //nůžky// "scissors": //Papír rozstříhejte nůžkami.// "Use scissors to cut the paper to pieces." (semantic singular) vs. //Koupil jsem si dvoje nůžky.// "I bought two pairs of scissors." (semantic plural)
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 | sup | superlative, third degree | | sup | superlative, third degree |
 | abs | absolute superlative | | abs | absolute superlative |
 +| equ | equative ("same quality as the other object") |
 | dim | diminutive (used for nouns e.g. in Dutch: "stoeltje", "huisje", "nippertje") | | dim | diminutive (used for nouns e.g. in Dutch: "stoeltje", "huisje", "nippertje") |
 | aug | augmentative (for nouns, opposite of diminutive; both dim and aug are used in the Freeling tagset of Portuguese | | aug | augmentative (for nouns, opposite of diminutive; both dim and aug are used in the Freeling tagset of Portuguese |
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 | **Value** | **Description** | | **Value** | **Description** |
 +| 0 | zero / impersonal construction |
 | 1 | first (I, we) | | 1 | first (I, we) |
 | 2 | second (you) | | 2 | second (you) |
 | 3 | third (he, she, it, they) | | 3 | third (he, she, it, they) |
 +| 4 | fourth (i.e. another third person, morphologically distinguished from the main third person) |
  
 Note that this feature is used also for possessive pronouns, where it means the person of the possessor. E.g. "my" has person=1, "your" has person=2, "their" has person=3. Note that this feature is used also for possessive pronouns, where it means the person of the possessor. E.g. "my" has person=1, "your" has person=2, "their" has person=3.
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 | sub | subjunctive (conjunctive) (spojovací) | | sub | subjunctive (conjunctive) (spojovací) |
 | jus | jussive (přací) | | jus | jussive (přací) |
 +| prp | purposive (in order to) |
 | qot | quotative (Estonian: denotes direct speech) | | qot | quotative (Estonian: denotes direct speech) |
 | opt | optative (Turkish; "May you have a long life! If only I were rich!") | | opt | optative (Turkish; "May you have a long life! If only I were rich!") |
 | des | desiderative (Turkish; "He wants to come.") | | des | desiderative (Turkish; "He wants to come.") |
 | nec | necessitative (Turkish; "He must come. He should come.") | | nec | necessitative (Turkish; "He must come. He should come.") |
 +| adm | admirative (Albanian; expresses surprise, irony or doubt) |
 ===== tense ===== ===== tense =====
  
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 | imp | imperfect | | imp | imperfect |
 | perf | perfect | | perf | perfect |
-| pro | prospective |+| prosp | prospective |
 | prog | progressive | | prog | progressive |
 +| hab | habitual |
 +| iter | iterative, frequentative |
  
 ===== voice ===== ===== voice =====
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 | rcp | reciprocal (Turkish "karıştı", "tutuştular") | | rcp | reciprocal (Turkish "karıştı", "tutuştular") |
 | cau | causative (Turkish "karıştırıyor" ("is confusing")) | | cau | causative (Turkish "karıştırıyor" ("is confusing")) |
 +| antip | antipassive |
 +| dir | direct |
 +| inv | inverse |
  
 {{:user:zeman:treebanks:ttbankkl.pdf|Documentation}} of the METU Sabanci treebank classifies causative as voice (page 26). Note that this is a feature of verbs. There are languages that have also the causative case of nouns. {{:user:zeman:treebanks:ttbankkl.pdf|Documentation}} of the METU Sabanci treebank classifies causative as voice (page 26). Note that this is a feature of verbs. There are languages that have also the causative case of nouns.

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