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user:zeman:interset:features [2017/07/11 10:51]
zeman [definite] 		user:zeman:interset:features [2017/07/11 12:18]
zeman [tense]
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 | sing | singular | | sing | singular |
 | dual | dual | | dual | dual |
 +| tri  | trial |
 +| pauc | paucal |
 +| grpa | greater paucal |
 | plur | plural | | plur | plural |
 +| grpl | greater plural |
 +| inv  | inverse |
 | ptan | plurale tantum | | ptan | plurale tantum |
 | coll | collective / mass / singulare tantum | | coll | collective / mass / singulare tantum |
 +| count | “counting form”, “count plural” or “quantitative plural” in Bulgarian and Macedonian (Sussex and Cubberley 2006, p. 324). It is a special plural form of nouns if they occur after numerals. (The form originates in the Proto-Slavic dual but it should not be marked as dual because 1. the dual vanished from Bulgarian and 2. the form is no longer semantically tied to the number two.) |
  
 //Pluralia tantum// is a special case of plural, occurring e.g. in Czech. It applies to words that do not have singular forms. They use grammatical plural regardless of semantic number. Czech example: //nůžky// "scissors": //Papír rozstříhejte nůžkami.// "Use scissors to cut the paper to pieces." (semantic singular) vs. //Koupil jsem si dvoje nůžky.// "I bought two pairs of scissors." (semantic plural) //Pluralia tantum// is a special case of plural, occurring e.g. in Czech. It applies to words that do not have singular forms. They use grammatical plural regardless of semantic number. Czech example: //nůžky// "scissors": //Papír rozstříhejte nůžkami.// "Use scissors to cut the paper to pieces." (semantic singular) vs. //Koupil jsem si dvoje nůžky.// "I bought two pairs of scissors." (semantic plural)
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 | **Value** | **Description** | | **Value** | **Description** |
 +| 0 | zero / impersonal construction |
 | 1 | first (I, we) | | 1 | first (I, we) |
 | 2 | second (you) | | 2 | second (you) |
 | 3 | third (he, she, it, they) | | 3 | third (he, she, it, they) |
 +| 4 | fourth (i.e. another third person, morphologically distinguished from the main third person) |
  
 Note that this feature is used also for possessive pronouns, where it means the person of the possessor. E.g. "my" has person=1, "your" has person=2, "their" has person=3. Note that this feature is used also for possessive pronouns, where it means the person of the possessor. E.g. "my" has person=1, "your" has person=2, "their" has person=3.
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 | sub | subjunctive (conjunctive) (spojovací) | | sub | subjunctive (conjunctive) (spojovací) |
 | jus | jussive (přací) | | jus | jussive (přací) |
 +| prp | purposive (in order to) |
 | qot | quotative (Estonian: denotes direct speech) | | qot | quotative (Estonian: denotes direct speech) |
 | opt | optative (Turkish; "May you have a long life! If only I were rich!") | | opt | optative (Turkish; "May you have a long life! If only I were rich!") |
 | des | desiderative (Turkish; "He wants to come.") | | des | desiderative (Turkish; "He wants to come.") |
 | nec | necessitative (Turkish; "He must come. He should come.") | | nec | necessitative (Turkish; "He must come. He should come.") |
 +| adm | admirative (Albanian; expresses surprise, irony or doubt) |
 ===== tense ===== ===== tense =====
  
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 | aor | aorist | | aor | aorist |
 | imp | imperfect | | imp | imperfect |
-| nar | narrative (Turkish //miş//-past) | 
 | pqp | pluperfect | | pqp | pluperfect |
  
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 | imp | imperfect | | imp | imperfect |
 | perf | perfect | | perf | perfect |
-| pro | prospective |+| prosp | prospective |
 | prog | progressive | | prog | progressive |
 +| hab | habitual |
 +| iter | iterative, frequentative |
  
 ===== voice ===== ===== voice =====
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 | rcp | reciprocal (Turkish "karıştı", "tutuştular") | | rcp | reciprocal (Turkish "karıştı", "tutuştular") |
 | cau | causative (Turkish "karıştırıyor" ("is confusing")) | | cau | causative (Turkish "karıştırıyor" ("is confusing")) |
 +| antip | antipassive |
 +| dir | direct |
 +| inv | inverse |
  
 {{:user:zeman:treebanks:ttbankkl.pdf|Documentation}} of the METU Sabanci treebank classifies causative as voice (page 26). Note that this is a feature of verbs. There are languages that have also the causative case of nouns. {{:user:zeman:treebanks:ttbankkl.pdf|Documentation}} of the METU Sabanci treebank classifies causative as voice (page 26). Note that this is a feature of verbs. There are languages that have also the causative case of nouns.
  
 +===== evident =====
 +
 +Evidentiality: what is the speaker's source of information?
 +
 +| **Value** | **Description** |
 +| fh | firsthand |
 +| nfh | nonfirsthand |
 ===== abbr ===== ===== abbr =====
  

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