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user:zeman:interset:verb-forms [2008/04/04 18:22]
zeman Indicative. 		user:zeman:interset:verb-forms [2008/04/04 19:02]
zeman Past.
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 In DZ Interset, indicative is decoded as ''mood = ind''. This is also the default mood value for finite verb forms. (For non-finite verb forms, default mood is empty.) In DZ Interset, indicative is decoded as ''mood = ind''. This is also the default mood value for finite verb forms. (For non-finite verb forms, default mood is empty.)
  
 +===== Present =====
 +
 +Verbs in present tense indicate an action that is taking place at the time of speaking, or in a general timespan ("usually"). They are usually formed synthetically, and take different forms according to ''person'' and ''number'', possibly also ''gender''. If two verbs use different morphemes to express the same combination of person, number, gender etc., they are assigned to different **conjugation classes.** Example: Czech verb //nést//:
 +
 +| Person | Number |
 +| | Singular | Plural|
 +| 1st | //nesu// | //neseme// |
 +| 2nd | //neseš// | //nesete// |
 +| 3rd | //nese// | //nesou// |
 +
 +In DZ Interset, present tense is decoded as ''tense = pres''.
 +
 +Czech verbs are divided lexically to **perfective** and **imperfective.** Present tense forms of perfective verbs are in fact forms of **future** tense. If the physical tagset encodes these forms as present, they will be decoded into Interset as ''tense = pres''. However, if the physical tagset contains the information that these are semantically future forms, it will be decoded as ''tense = fut''.
 +
 +The English **progressive present** tense (//he is doing//) is formed analytically by the simple present form of the auxiliary verb //to be// and the **present participle (gerund)** of the main verb. There is thus no Interset feature value for this tense. See participle and gerund.
 +
 +===== Past =====
 +
 +Simple past indicates action that took place in past. Some languages (e.g. Czech) have only this one past tense. Others have more refined tense system that allow to express whether the action has been completed (**perfect**) or not (**imperfect**), whether it was running while something else was being done etc. In Czech however, the perfect/imperfect aspect is lexically inherent, so that past perfect is replaced by simple past tense of a perfective verb.

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