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user:zeman:interset:verb-forms [2008/04/04 20:23]
zeman 		user:zeman:interset:verb-forms [2008/04/04 23:22]
zeman Preterite.
Line 112: Line 112:
 | 2nd | //you did// | //you did// | //you have done// | //you have done// | //you had done// | //you had done// | | 2nd | //you did// | //you did// | //you have done// | //you have done// | //you had done// | //you had done// |
 | 3rd | //he did// | //they did// | //he has done// | //they have done// | //he had done// | //they had done// | | 3rd | //he did// | //they did// | //he has done// | //they have done// | //he had done// | //they had done// |
 +
 +In Portuguese, three of five past tenses are synthetic and two are analytic. All three are decoded as ''tense = past''. They have to be further distinguished by the values of subtense. //Imperfeito// (imperfect) is decoded as ''subtense = imp''. //Pretérito// (preterite) is decoded as ??? //Mais-que-perfeito// (pluperfect) is decoded as ''subtense = pqp''. Analytic tenses are //perfeito// (perfect), //tenho caçado//, auxiliary in present and past participle, and another form of //mais-que-perfeito// (pluperfect), //tinha caçado//, auxiliary in imperfect and past participle.
 +
 +preterite = préteritum = minulý čas
 +imperfect = imperfektum = souminulý čas
 +perfect (present perfect) = perfektum = předpřítomný čas
 +pluperfect (past perfect) = pluskvamperfektum = předminulý čas
 +aorist = aorist
 +
 +| Person | Pretérito | | Imperfeito | | Mais-que-perfeito |
 +| | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural |
 +| 1st | //cacei// | //caçámos// | //caçava// | //caçávamos// | //caçara// | //caçáramos// |
 +| 2nd | //caçaste// | | //caçavas// | | //caçaras// | |
 +| 3rd | //caçou// | //caçaram// | //caçava// | //caçavam// | //caçara// | //caçaram// |
 +
 +===== Preterite =====
 +
 +This is the default past tense. Grammars of some languages call it just "past" or "simple past". Often synthetic. Simply indicates an action that took place in past. No information whether the action has been completed or whether it ran simultaneously with another action.
 +
 +German example: //Präteritum// of //singen// (to sing):
 +
 +| Person | Number |
 +| | Singular | Plural|
 +| 1st | //ich sang// | //wir sangen// |
 +| 2nd | //du sangst// | //ihr sangt// |
 +| 3rd | //er sang// | //sie sangen// |
 +
 +English example: //past tense// of //to sing//:
 +
 +| Person | Number |
 +| | Singular | Plural |
 +| 1st | //I sang// | //we sang// |
 +| 2nd | //you sang// | //you sang// |
 +| 3rd | //he sang// | //they sang// |
 +
 +Portuguese example: //pretérito// of //caçar//:
 +
 +| Person | Number |
 +| | Singular | Plural |
 +| 1st | //cacei// | //caçámos// |
 +| 2nd | //caçaste// | |
 +| 3rd | //caçou// | //caçaram// |
 +
 +DZ Interset decoding: ''tense = "past"; subtense = ""''.
  

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