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--- user:zeman:interset:verb-forms [2008/04/05 00:19]
zeman Imperfect.
+++ user:zeman:interset:verb-forms [2008/04/05 10:10]
zeman Aorist.
@@ Line 157: / Line 157: @@
 DZ Interset decoding: ''tense = "past"; subtense = "";''
+===== Aorist =====
+The simple, aspect-neutral past tense is called //aorist// in some languages, e.g. in Bulgarian. So far I have not come across differences between aorist and preterite, nor have I found a tagset/language where both these tenses would co-exist. The German preterite, for instance, displays usage pattern typical to aorist, although it is not called aorist.
+Bulgarian (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarian_verbs#Past_Aorist_Tense_.28Aoristus.29): Past aorist tense (Минало свършено време) expresses an action that happened at a specific time in the past. Both imperfective and perfective verbs have such tense (there is no difference in their conjugation). Although imperfective and perfective verbs are conjugated in the same way in the past aorist tense, there is difference in their meaning. Compare the sentences: //Вчера четох една книга// (aorist of imperfective verb) = "Yesterday, I read a book but I didn't finish it"; //Вчера прочетох една книга// (aorist of perfective verb) = "Yesterday, I finished reading a book/I read a whole book." The same meaning difference holds for the preterite of Czech imperfective and perfective verbs: //Včera jsem četl jednu knihu// vs. //Včera jsem přečetl jednu knihu.//
+Example: aorist forms of the Bulgarian verb //чете// (to read):
+| Person | Number |
+| | Singular | Plural |
+| 1st | //четох// | //четохме// |
+| 2nd | //чете// | //четохте// |
+| 3rd | //чете// | //четоха// |
+DZ Interset decoding: ''tense = "past"; subtense = "aor";'' If we decide that aorist is the same tense as preterite we should handle them both the same way, i.e. ''tense = "past"; subtense = "";''.
+Aorist has almost vanished from Czech. The only survivors are aorist forms of the auxiliary verb //být// (to be):
+| Person | Number |
+| | Singular | Plural |
+| 1st | //bych// | //bychom// |
+| 2nd | //bys// | //byste// |
+| 3rd | //by// | //by// |
+Since these forms are today used exclusively to construct analytic forms of **conditional**, they are decoded as conditional / subjunctive: ''mood = "sub"''.
 ===== Imperfect =====

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