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user:zeman:interset:verb-forms [2008/04/05 10:58] zeman Perfect. |
user:zeman:interset:verb-forms [2008/04/05 13:04] zeman Pretérito anterior. |
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===== Preterite ===== | ===== Preterite ===== | ||
- | This is the default past tense. Grammars of some languages call it just " | + | This is the default past tense. Grammars of some languages call it just " |
German example: // | German example: // | ||
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Example: present perfect // | Example: present perfect // | ||
- | | Number | Singular | + | | Number | Singular | Plural | |
- | | Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Masculine | Feminine | + | | Person | | | |
- | | Person | + | | 1st | //tenho cantado// | // |
- | | 1st | //tenho cantado// | //tenho cantada// | // | + | | 2nd | //tens cantado// | | |
- | | 2nd | //tens cantado// | + | | 3rd | //tem cantado// | // |
- | | 3rd | //tem cantado// | //tem cantada// | // | + | |
Example: present perfect (минало неопределено време, past indefinite tense) of the Bulgarian verb // | Example: present perfect (минало неопределено време, past indefinite tense) of the Bulgarian verb // | ||
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| 3rd | //чел е// | //чела е// | //чело е// | //чели са// | | | 3rd | //чел е// | //чела е// | //чело е// | //чели са// | | ||
+ | ===== Pluperfect ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Czech term: // | ||
+ | |||
+ | Pluperfect is usually created analytically; | ||
+ | |||
+ | Example: past perfect of the English verb //to do//: | ||
+ | |||
+ | | Person | Number | | ||
+ | | | Singular | Plural | | ||
+ | | 1st | //I had done// | //we had done// | | ||
+ | | 2nd | //you had done// | //you had done// | | ||
+ | | 3rd | //he had done// | //they had done// | | ||
+ | |||
+ | Example: past perfect (Plusquamperfekt) of the German verb //machen// (to do): | ||
+ | |||
+ | | Person | Number | | ||
+ | | | Singular | Plural | | ||
+ | | 1st | //ich hatte gemacht// | //wir hatten gemacht// | | ||
+ | | 2nd | //du hattest gemacht// | //ihr hattet gemacht// | | ||
+ | | 3rd | //er hatte gemacht// | //sie hatten gemacht// | | ||
+ | |||
+ | Portuguese pluperfect // | ||
+ | |||
+ | | Number | Singular | Plural | | ||
+ | | Person | | | | ||
+ | | 1st | //tinha cantado// | //tínhamos cantado// | | ||
+ | | | //cantara// | // | ||
+ | | 2nd | //tinhas cantado// | | | ||
+ | | | // | ||
+ | | 3rd | //tinha cantado// | //tinham cantado// | | ||
+ | | | //cantara// | // | ||
+ | |||
+ | Example: past perfect (минало предварително време, past preliminary tense) of the Bulgarian verb // | ||
+ | |||
+ | | Number | Singular | | | Plural | | ||
+ | | Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | | | ||
+ | | Person | | | | | | ||
+ | | 1st | //бях чел// | //бях чела// | //бях чело// | // | ||
+ | | 2nd | // | ||
+ | | 3rd | // | ||
+ | |||
+ | DZ Interset decoding of the analytic forms: auxiliary: '' | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Pretérito anterior ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Spanish bookish pluperfect forms that are used in tandem with the simple perfect forms (while normal pluperfect is used to compare time with imperfect past action). In colloquial language only normal pluperfect is used. // | ||
+ | |||
+ | Participle in compound verb tenses has only one form //(ella ha cantado)//, in contrast to adjectival use where gender and number is distinguished //(casado hombre, casada mujer, casados hombres, casadas mujeres)//. Gerund // |