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user:zeman:interset:verb-forms [2008/04/05 11:30] zeman Corrected: Portuguese present perfect uses only one form of participle and does not distinguish gender. |
user:zeman:interset:verb-forms [2008/04/05 12:44] zeman Pluperfect. |
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| 3rd | //чел е// | //чела е// | //чело е// | //чели са// | | | 3rd | //чел е// | //чела е// | //чело е// | //чели са// | | ||
+ | ===== Pluperfect ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Czech term: // | ||
+ | |||
+ | Pluperfect is usually created analytically; | ||
+ | |||
+ | Example: past perfect of the English verb //to do//: | ||
+ | |||
+ | | Person | Number | | ||
+ | | | Singular | Plural | | ||
+ | | 1st | //I had done// | //we had done// | | ||
+ | | 2nd | //you had done// | //you had done// | | ||
+ | | 3rd | //he had done// | //they had done// | | ||
+ | |||
+ | Example: past perfect (Plusquamperfekt) of the German verb //machen// (to do): | ||
+ | |||
+ | | Person | Number | | ||
+ | | | Singular | Plural | | ||
+ | | 1st | //ich hatte gemacht// | //wir hatten gemacht// | | ||
+ | | 2nd | //du hattest gemacht// | //ihr hattet gemacht// | | ||
+ | | 3rd | //er hatte gemacht// | //sie hatten gemacht// | | ||
+ | |||
+ | Portuguese pluperfect // | ||
+ | |||
+ | | Number | Singular | Plural | | ||
+ | | Person | | | | ||
+ | | 1st | //tinha cantado// | //tínhamos cantado// | | ||
+ | | | //cantara// | // | ||
+ | | 2nd | //tinhas cantado// | | | ||
+ | | | // | ||
+ | | 3rd | //tinha cantado// | //tinham cantado// | | ||
+ | | | //cantara// | // | ||
+ | |||
+ | Example: past perfect (минало предварително време, past preliminary tense) of the Bulgarian verb // | ||
+ | |||
+ | | Number | Singular | | | Plural | | ||
+ | | Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | | | ||
+ | | Person | | | | | | ||
+ | | 1st | //бях чел// | //бях чела// | //бях чело// | // | ||
+ | | 2nd | // | ||
+ | | 3rd | // | ||
+ | |||
+ | DZ Interset decoding of the analytic forms: auxiliary: '' | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Notes ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | | Portuguese | Spanish | Notes | | ||
+ | | imperfeito //(cantava, cantavas...)// | ||
+ | | pretérito //(cantei, cantaste...)// | ||
+ | | perfeito //(tenho cantado)// | pretérito perfecto compuesto //(he cantado, has cantado...)// | ||
+ | | mais-que-perfeito //(tinha cantado)// | pretérito pluscuamperfecto //(había cantado)// | předminulý čas / past perfect | | ||
+ | | | pretérito anterior //(hube cantado, hubiste cantado...)// | ||
+ | | mais-que-perfeito (simple) //(cantara, cantaras...)// | ||
+ | |||
+ | Participle in compound verb tenses has only one form //(ella ha cantado)//, in contrast to adjectival use where gender and number is distinguished //(casado hombre, casada mujer, casados hombres, casadas mujeres)//. Gerund // |