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user:zeman:transliteration-of-urdu-to-latin-script [2010/11/09 15:34] zeman Alef. |
user:zeman:transliteration-of-urdu-to-latin-script [2010/11/09 16:40] zeman Short vowels. |
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The letter آ (ALEF MADDA) only appears in word-initial position and is transliterated as //ā// (which is written in other positions using normal ا). | The letter آ (ALEF MADDA) only appears in word-initial position and is transliterated as //ā// (which is written in other positions using normal ا). | ||
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+ | The YEH with the diacritic HAMZA above separates two consecutive vowels, e.g. جائے گا //jāe gā// “will go” or کوئی //koī// “some”. | ||
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+ | Similarly, the diacritic HAMZA above a و separates it from the preceding vowel as in ہاؤسنگ // | ||
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+ | ^ Unicode ^ Character ^ Pronunciation ^ Transliteration ^ | ||
+ | | 0627 | ا | -, a: | a, i, u, 0, ā | | ||
+ | | 0622 | آ | a: | ā | | ||
+ | | 0648 | و | v, u:, o: | w, ū, o | | ||
+ | | 06CC | ی | j, i:, e: | y, ī, e | | ||
+ | | 06D2 | ے | e: | e | | ||
+ | | 0626 | ئ | - | 0 | | ||
+ | | 0674 | ٔ (high hamza) | - | 0 | | ||
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+ | ===== Vowel Diacritics ===== | ||
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+ | //Warning! This section is under construction. I am still confused about the exact rules for Urdu vowel representation, | ||
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+ | Although used rarely, Urdu has means to mark the three short vowels as well. This is done using one of the three diacritical marks. Long vowels can be disambiguated as well, e.g. a consonant with the pesh mark followed by a waw without any diacritic means that the waw is a long vowel //[ūo]// but not the consonant //w//. | ||
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+ | pesh (ARABIC DAMMA, 064F) ... u ... کُون //kon// “who” | ||
+ | zabar (ARABIC FATHA, 064E) ... a ... کَون //kawn// | ||
+ | zer (ARABIC KASRA, 0650) ... i ... | ||
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+ | Possible further reading: http:// | ||
+ | http:// | ||