user:zeman:treebanks:nl [ufal wiki]

The Alpino Treebank 1.0 (2002) in an XML-based format
CoNLL 2006

Alpino is available under the GNU General Public License. Download the original distribution (DTAG + TIGER-XML formats) from http://odur.let.rug.nl/~vannoord/ftp/AlpinoCDROM/. Download the CoNLL 2006 conversion from http://ilk.uvt.nl/conll/free_data.html. The license in short:

any usage, commercial or not
modification and redistribution under same license permitted
citation in publications not required (but it is common decency)

Alpino was created by members of the Alfa-informatica, Faculty of Arts (Faculteit der Letteren), University of Groningen (Rijksuniversiteit Groningen), Oude Kijk in 't Jatstraat 26, NL-9712 EK Groningen, The Netherlands.

Website
- http://www.buch-kromann.dk/matthias/treebank/ (the old and no longer accessible website from http://www.id.cbs.dk/~mtk/ has been moved here)
Data
- no separate citation
Principal publications
- Matthias Trautner Kromann: The Danish Dependency Treebank and the DTAG Treebank Tool. In: Proceedings of Treebanks and Linguistic Theories, Växjö, Sweden, 2003.
Documentation
- see the left-hand-side links at the treebank website, eg.:
- Dependency theory and list of dependency relation labels
- Britt Keson: Vejledning til det danske morfosyntaktisk taggede PAROLE-korpus (morphosyntactic tags). Det Danske Sprog- og Litteraturselskab (DSL)

full cdbl (newspaper) part of the Eindhoven corpus

Unknown (the underlying PAROLE corpus “consists of quotations of 150-250 words from a wide range of randomly selected linguistically representative Danish texts from 1983-1992.”)

The CoNLL 2006 version contains 100,238 tokens in 5512 sentences, yielding 18.19 tokens per sentence on average (CoNLL 2006 data split: 94386 tokens / 5190 sentences training, 5852 tokens / 322 sentences test).

The original morphosyntactic tags have been converted to fit into the three columns (CPOS, POS and FEAT) of the CoNLL format. There should be a 1-1 mapping between the DDT positional tags and the CoNLL 2006 annotation. Use DZ Interset to inspect the CoNLL tagset.

The morphological analysis in the CoNLL 2006 version does not include lemmas (the original DTAG version does contain them). The morphosyntactic tags have been assigned (probably) manually.

Some multi-word expressions have been collapsed into one token, using underscore as the joining character. This includes adverbially used prepositional phrases (e.g. i_lørdags = on Saturdays) but not named entities.

The first sentence of DDT 1.0 in the DTAG format:

<tei.2>
  <teiHeader type=text>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>Tagged sample of: 'Jeltsins skæbnetime'</title>
      </titleStmt>
      <extent words=158>158 running words</extent>
      <publicationStmt>
         <distributor>PAROLE-DK</distributor>
         <address><addrline>Christians Brygge 1,1., DK-1219 Copenhagen K.</address>
         <date>1998-06-02</date>
         <availability status=restricted><p>by agreement with distributor</availability>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <biblStruct>
          <analytic>
            <title>Jeltsins skæbnetime</title>
            <author gender=m born=1925>Nikulin, Leon</author>
          </analytic>
          <monogr>
            <imprint><pubPlace>Denmark</pubPlace>
              <publisher>Det Fri Aktuelt</publisher>
              <date>1992-12-01</date>
            </imprint>
          </monogr>
        </biblStruct>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
    <profileDesc>
      <creation>1992-12-01</creation>
      <langUsage><language>Danish</langUsage>
      <textClass>
        <catRef target="P.M2">
        <catRef target="P.G4.8">
        <catRef target="P.T9.3">
      </textClass>
    </profileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
<text id=AJK>
<body>
<div1 type=main>
<p>
<s>
<W lemma="to" msd="AC---U=--" in="9:subj" out="1:mod|2:mod|3:nobj|5:appr">To</W>
<W lemma="kendt" msd="ANP[CN]PU=[DI]U" in="-1:mod" out="">kendte</W>
<W lemma="russisk" msd="ANP[CN]PU=[DI]U" in="-2:mod" out="">russiske</W>
<W lemma="historiker" msd="NCCPU==I" in="-3:nobj" out="">historikere</W>
<W lemma="Andronik" msd="NP--U==-" in="1:namef" out="">Andronik</W>
<W lemma="Mirganjan" msd="NP--U==-" in="-5:appr" out="-1:namef|1:coord">Mirganjan</W>
<W lemma="og" msd="CC" in="-1:coord" out="2:conj">og</W>
<W lemma="Igor" msd="NP--U==-" in="1:namef" out="">Igor</W>
<W lemma="Klamkin" msd="NP--U==-" in="-2:conj" out="-1:namef">Klamkin</W>
<W lemma="tro" msd="VADR=----A-" in="" out="-9:subj|1:mod|2:pnct|3:dobj|12:pnct">tror</W>
<W lemma="ikke" msd="RGU" in="-1:mod" out="">ikke</W>
<W lemma="," msd="XP" in="-2:pnct" out="">,</W>
<W lemma="at" msd="CS" in="-3:dobj" out="2:vobj">at</W>
<W lemma="Rusland" msd="NP--U==-" in="1:subj|2:[subj]" out="">Rusland</W>
<W lemma="kunne" msd="VADR=----A-" in="-2:vobj" out="-1:subj|1:vobj|2:mod">kan</W>
<W lemma="udvikle" msd="VAF-=----P-" in="-1:vobj" out="-2:[subj]">udvikles</W>
<W lemma="uden" msd="SP" in="-2:mod" out="1:nobj">uden</W>
<W lemma="en" msd="PI-CSU--U" in="-1:nobj" out="2:nobj">en</W>
<W lemma="&quot;" msd="XP" in="1:pnct" out="">"</W>
<W lemma="jernnæve" msd="NCCSU==I" in="-2:nobj" out="-1:pnct|1:pnct">jernnæve</W>
<W lemma="&quot;" msd="XP" in="-1:pnct" out="">"</W>
<W lemma="." msd="XP" in="-12:pnct" out="">.</W>
</s>

The first sentence of the CoNLL 2006 training data:

1	Samme	_	A	AN	degree=pos\|gender=common/neuter\|number=sing/plur\|case=unmarked\|def=def/indef\|transcat=unmarked	0	ROOT	_	_
2	cifre	_	N	NC	gender=neuter\|number=plur\|case=unmarked\|def=indef	1	nobj	_	_
3	,	_	X	XP	_	1	pnct	_	_
4	de	_	P	PD	gender=common/neuter\|number=plur\|case=unmarked\|register=unmarked	7	subj	_	_
5	norske	_	A	AN	degree=pos\|gender=common/neuter\|number=plur\|case=unmarked\|def=def/indef\|transcat=unmarked	4	mod	_	_
6	piger	_	N	NC	gender=common\|number=plur\|case=unmarked\|def=indef	4	nobj	_	_
7	tabte	_	V	VA	mood=indic\|tense=past\|voice=active	1	rel	_	_
8	med	_	SP	SP	_	7	pobj	_	_
9	i_lørdags	_	RG	RG	degree=unmarked	7	mod	_	_
10	mod	_	SP	SP	_	7	pobj	_	_
11	VMs	_	N	NP	case=gen	10	nobj	_	_
12	værtsnation	_	N	NC	gender=common\|number=sing\|case=unmarked\|def=indef	11	possd	_	_
13	.	_	X	XP	_	1	pnct	_	_

The first sentence of the CoNLL 2006 test data:

1	To	_	A	AC	case=unmarked	10	subj	_	_
2	kendte	_	A	AN	degree=pos\|gender=common/neuter\|number=plur\|case=unmarked\|def=def/indef\|transcat=unmarked	1	mod	_	_
3	russiske	_	A	AN	degree=pos\|gender=common/neuter\|number=plur\|case=unmarked\|def=def/indef\|transcat=unmarked	1	mod	_	_
4	historikere	_	N	NC	gender=common\|number=plur\|case=unmarked\|def=indef	1	nobj	_	_
5	Andronik	_	N	NP	case=unmarked	6	namef	_	_
6	Mirganjan	_	N	NP	case=unmarked	1	appr	_	_
7	og	_	C	CC	_	6	coord	_	_
8	Igor	_	N	NP	case=unmarked	9	namef	_	_
9	Klamkin	_	N	NP	case=unmarked	7	conj	_	_
10	tror	_	V	VA	mood=indic\|tense=present\|voice=active	0	ROOT	_	_
11	ikke	_	RG	RG	degree=unmarked	10	mod	_	_
12	,	_	X	XP	_	10	pnct	_	_
13	at	_	C	CS	_	10	dobj	_	_
14	Rusland	_	N	NP	case=unmarked	15	subj	_	_
15	kan	_	V	VA	mood=indic\|tense=present\|voice=active	13	vobj	_	_
16	udvikles	_	V	VA	mood=infin\|voice=passive	15	vobj	_	_
17	uden	_	SP	SP	_	15	mod	_	_
18	en	_	P	PI	gender=common\|number=sing\|case=unmarked\|register=unmarked	17	nobj	_	_
19	“	_	X	XP	_	20	pnct	_	_
20	jernnæve	_	N	NC	gender=common\|number=sing\|case=unmarked\|def=indef	18	nobj	_	_
21	”	_	X	XP	_	20	pnct	_	_
22	.	_	X	XP	_	10	pnct	_	_

Nonprojectivities in DDT are not frequent. Only 988 of the 100,238 tokens in the CoNLL 2006 version are attached nonprojectively (0.99%).

The results of the CoNLL 2006 shared task are available online. They have been published in (Buchholz and Marsi, 2006). The evaluation procedure was non-standard because it excluded punctuation tokens. These are the best results for Danish:

Parser (Authors)	LAS	UAS
MST (McDonald et al.)	84.79	90.58
Malt (Nivre et al.)	84.77	89.80
Riedel et al.	83.63	89.66

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